Gyratory crusher with displaceable shaft for relieving excessive crushing strains



p 1949- s. w. TRAYLOR, 2,481,261

GYRATORY CRUSHER WITH DISPLAG LE FT FOR RELIEVING EXCESSIVE CRUSHING ST NS Filed Aug. 22, 1946 '2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. Samuel Wfiaylar, J

Sept. 6, 1949. s. w. TRAYLOR, JR 2,481,261

GYRATORY CRUSHEH WITH DISPLACEABLE SHAFT FOR 7 RELIEVING EXGESSIVE CRUSHING STRAINS Filed Aug. 22, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

5mm! WDaylar, Cb:

Patented Sept. 6, 1949 OFFICE GYRATOBY oR snER WITH DISPLACE- nnnp snare: FOR RELIEVING EXCES- sive CRUSIHNG STRAINS Samuel W. Traylor, Jr., Allentown, Pa.

Application August 22, 1946, Serial No 692,236

This invention relates to gyratory crushers and in particular to means for relieving excessive strains arising during operation of such crushe due to the engagement of uncrushable fragments between the head and concave. More particularly, the invention is concerned with gyratory crushers wherein a top bearing is provided for the gyratory shaft and the l'iiain object of this invention is to provide a turnable member in association with the top bearing, which member is normally ieldably maintained against turning but can turn under excessive crushing ressure to permit trailslational displacement of the shaft and head for relief of the strain. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, the turning of the said member permits downward translational movement, or lowering, of the shaft and head, and in accordance with another embodiment the turning thereof permits lateral translational displacement of the shaft and similar movement of the head. In both embodiments a earn and follower, or an incllne-and-follower connection are provided between the turnable member and a non-rotatable part, so that the member is turned against the force of yieldabl-e spring means by a cammi'ng action upon translational displacement of the shaft. i hiamplesoi both embodiments are shown in the accom anying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a plan view, partly in section substantially On line 'I-i of Figure '2, of a crusher providing vertical relief,

Figure 2 is a section substantially on line 2- 2 of Figure 1,

Fi ure 3 is a section substantially on line 3-3 of Figure -2,

Fi ure 4 is an elevation, partly in section substantially on line 4-4 of Figure '5, of a modified form of crusher providing for horizontal relief, and

Figure 5 is a section substantially on line 5-5 of Figure 4.

Referring to Figures 1 to reference numeral Ill designates the upper section of a crusher frame carrying a concave ll. Section II! also includes a spider havin arms I), I3 and Id supporting a hub 15 above the concave, the arms being directed substantially tangentially to the hub.

The hub has a vertical bore licoaxial with the concave, the bore being somewhat upwardly enlarged at ll and terminating downwardly at an annular shoulder l8 below which are formed vertical grooves l9 closed at the top by shoulder portions l8". Journalled in the bore l e is a ring member or nut '20 provided with steep threads Al, the threads having, for example, a 45 degree pitch. The threads '2I engage the complementary threads of sleeve 22 which, at its lower end, has a connection with the hub, constituted by 12 Claims. (Cl. 241 211) outwardly projecting lugs 23 slidable in grooves 1'9 but preventing rotation of the sleeve relative to the hub. The sleeve 22 thus constitutes a part restrained against rotation in the hub 15. Received in the sleeve 22 with clearance for gym tory and rotational movement is the upper end of an upright gyratory shaft 21 which is threaded and has engaged therewith a suspension. nut 15, said nut and sleeve having spherical contacting surfaces with a center on the neutral point 26 of the shaft. The lower end of shaft 24 is hi ceived with freedom for vertical adjustment in an eccentric adapted to be driven in the usualmanner, the vertical adjustment of the shaftbe ing accomplished by adjusting nut 25. Within the concave, shaft 24 carries a head 21 which in cludes a mantle 2-8 and, as here shown, a floating ring 29 is disposed in the crushing space, such ring forming no part in the present invention and being covered in my co pending application Serial No. 643,033, filed January 24, 1946.

Secured to the bottom of the hub is a cap 30 having a central opening receiving shaft 24 with the necessary clearance, the opening being defined by a flange portion 8| whose top surface is spherical on the center 26. Bearing against the said top surface is a spherical ring 32 which closely slidingly embraces the shaft, the spherical top or ring 32 being engaged by the spherical bottom surface or a further ring 33 which is urged downwardly by a spring 34 engaged be tween it and sleeve 22 There is thus provided an effective seal for the bottom of the lubricant chamber 35.

Ann is has an outward extension 38 providing a spring pockethavihg an opening or passage 31 substantially tangential to nut in Disposed in the spring pocket is a strong compression spring 38 whose outer end engaged by an abutment 39 to which-is secured one end of a cable 10 whose other end portion is wound on the nut and received in a circumferentiaily extending groove 4! of the latter, the extremity of the cable being zinced in a conical recess 42 which leads from a notch it. The other arms of the spider include similar spring pockets 1i and [5 housing tensionlng springs for cables it and 41., Figure 2, which are wound on and anchored to the nutin the same manner as cable to, the cables being at 'difi'erent heights so as not to interiere. Thesprihg pockets are equi-angulariy arranged around the hub and the cables are equiaheularl'y anchored to the nut and the strength of the springs being equal, a substantially balan'ced torque is exerted on hut in to normally hold the same at one limit of its turnin movement, in which the nut normally holds the sleeve an upper limit osition in which the lugs 23 engage the top walls it" of grooves 19 to yieldin ly maintain the shaft and crushing head in on the head, the latter will lower by reason of.

the downward force component as permitted by the downward threading of sleeve 22 which turns v the ring member or nut toward its other limit of movement, against the action of the springs. Thus, abnormal downward forces displace the.

head and shaft translationally in a downward direction, while rotating the nut against the force when the fragment has been of the springs. passed or removed, thegisprings will rotate the nut-to return the sleeve 22 and therewith the shaft to normal operating relation.

, The interengaged threads of the ring member or nut 28 and the non-rotatable sleeve 22 are illustrative of one type of incline-and-follower connection between the ring member and a part restrained against rotation in the hub.

.InFigures 4, and 5 theframe is equipped with a concave and supports a spider which includes arms 52, 53v and 54 supporting a hub 55 having a vertical bore 56 concentric with the concave. Set in the wall of the bore are axially extending equidistantly spaced identical abutments 5 r, and be which have inclined 0r wedge faces directed clockwise, l igure 4. Each abutmentlconstitutesa part restrained against rotation in-tne hub A cap 60 secured to the bottom of tne hub provides an annular shoulder WlllCi'l supports a ring member 6 I, the latter having axially extending equidistantly spaced identical abutments 62, 63 and 54, respectively engageabie as followers'with the Wedge surfaces of members 51, t8 and 59. Just as in the first embodiment, spring tensioned cables 65, 66 and 61 are wound on the ring member and are anchored thereto so that a substantially balanced force is exerted on the latter to engage the abutments with each other at one limit of turning movement of the ring member and thereby center the same onthe axis of the concave. Member BI is provided with a bottom ledge 68 which supports the lower member 69 of a ball socket which receives a ball 19, the upper member H of the socket being held in place by a threaded ring 12.

The ball it has a diametrical bore slidingly receiving the upper end of an upright gyratory shaft 13 which carries a head 74. The lower end of the shaft is received. in an eccentric in such a manner as to permit universal tilting of the shaft from its axis, the eccentric providing a bottom support for the shaft in well known manner. An oil seal, like thatshown in Figure 2, is provided between the hub and the shaft.

When an uncrushable fragment is engaged between the head and concave, the abutment member 62, 63 or 64 which is opposite the point of engagement will be driven down the incline of its associated abutment member 51, 58 or 59 with consequent turn of the member, 6! toward its other limit of movement against the action of the springs, so that member 6| and the shaft 13 are translationally displaced and take an eccentric position in the hub bore, thus permitting tilting of the shaft under the lateral force component 4 the concave, to permit the passage of a noncrushable object, as is the case in connection with tneform shown in l -igures 1, 2, and 3, but, instead, the upper end of the shaft is displaced l a terally for this purpose. Excessive strains imparted to the head and the shaft cause the abutments 62, 63, and lit to move along the adjoining wedge surfaces'by relative rotation of the ring ti, thereby permitting the gyratory shaft to assume aneccentric position in the hub and increasing the space in the crushing zone adjacent the non crushable objects.

The interengaged wedge-shaped abutments 51-59 and the followers 62-84 are illustrative of another type of incline-and-follower connection between the ring member and a part restrained against rotation in the hub.

While I have shown representative embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that otherchanges in the form and arrangement of the parts are possible without departure from the invention as defined in the following claims.

I claim:

A crusher comprising a frame and a concave supported thereby on an upright axis, an upright gyratory shaft and a head carried thereby for cooperation with said concave, a spider supported by the 'frame and including a central hub having a bore into which the upper end of said shaft extends, a ring member mounted for limited turning movement in the hub, surrounding the shaft and in which the shaft is rotatable, an incline-and-follower connection between the ring member and a part restrained against rotation in the hub, said connection holding the shaft in normal crushing position when the ring member is at one limit of its turning movement, said ring member being turnable toward its other limit of movement by forcestransmitted through said connection as a resultof and to permit, translational displacement of the shaft to relieve undue crushing strains on said head, and spring means operaa tively connected to said ring member normally to relieve the strain, When the emergency has maintaining the same at the first mentioned limit of turning movement and restraining the same against turning toward the other limit.

2. A crusher in accordance with claim 1 in which said spring means are operatively connected to the ring member by a cable connected at one end to the spring means and having its other end portion wound on the ring member and anchored thereto and in which the spring means tensions the cable.

3. A crusher in accordance with claim 1 in which the spring means are operatively connected to the ring member by a plurality of cables having end portions wound on the ring member and anchored thereto, in which the spring means are secured to the other ends of the cables respectively'to tension the same, and in which the cables and spring means exert substantially balanced resistance against turning of the ring.

4. A crusher in accordance with claim 1 in which the spider is provided' with a spring socket having an opening directed tangentially toward the ring member, in which a spring is disposed in the pocket and in which a cable has an end portion wound on the ring member and its other end extending through said opening into said pocket and connected to said spring, whereby the cable is tensioned to yieldingly resist turning of the ring member,

5. A crusher in accordance with claim 4 in which a plurality of spring pockets are formed in the spider, in which each pocket contains a spring and in which a corresponding number of cables are wound on and anchored to the ring, with their other ends led through the openings into the pockets and connected to the springs therein, to yieldingly resist turning of the ring, the arrangement of the pockets, springs, and cables being such that substantially balanced resistances are exerted against such turning.

6. A crusher comprising a frame and a concave supported thereby on an upright axis, an upright yratory shaft and a head carried thereby for cooperation with said concave, a spider supported by the frame and including a central hub having a bore into which the upper end of said shaft extends, a nut element supported in the hub in surrounding relation to said shaft end, a sleeve element interposed between said nut element and shaft and supporting the latter, said elements having a steep, vertical incline-and-follower interengagement and one thereof being stationary and the other being rotatable relative thereto, and spring means normally yieldingly restraining the rotatable element against rotation but permitting rotation thereof to enable the sleeve element and therewith the shaft to lower upon the occurrence of abnormal downward pressure on said head.

7. Structure according to claim 6 wherein said spring means is constituted by a plurality of springs arranged to act on said rotatable element with substantially balanced effect.

8. A crusher comprising a frame and a concave supported thereby on an upright axis, an upright gyratory shaft and a head carried thereby for cooperation with said concave, a spider supported by the frame and including a central hub having a bore into which the upper end of said shaft extends, a nut journaled in said hub in surrounding relation to said shaft end, a sleeve interposed between said nut and shaft and supporting the latter, a connection between the sleeve and hub maintaining said sleeve against rotation, said nut and sleeve having steep threaded interengagement, and spring means normally yieldingly restraining said nut against rotation but permitting rotation thereof to enable the sleeve and therewith the shaft to lower upon the occurrence of abnormal downward pressure on said head.

9. A crusher comprising a frame and a concave supported thereby on an upright axis, an upright gyratory shaft and a head carried thereby for cooperation with said concave, a spider supported by the frame and including a central hub having a bore into which the upper end of said shaft extends, a nut journaled in said hub in surrounding relation to said shaft end, a sleeve interposed between said nut and shaft and supporting the latter, a connection between the sleeve and hub maintaining said sleeve against rotation, said nut and sleeve having steep threaded interengagement, and a plurality of cables having end portions wound on said nut and anchored thereto, and spring means secured to the other ends of said cables respectively and tensioning the same whereby to normally yieldingly resist rotation of the nut but to permit rotation thereof to enable the sleeve and therewith the shaft to lower upon the occurrence of abnormal downward pressure on the head, said cables and spring means being arranged to act on said nut with substantially balanced effect.

10. A crusher comprising a frame and a concave supported thereby on an upright axis, an upright gyratory shaft and a head carried thereby for cooperation with said concave, a spider supported by the frame and including a central hub having a bore into which the upper end of said shaft extends, a ring supported in said bore and providing a bearing in which said shaft end is universally tiltable, said ring being universally transversely shiftable in said bore, a plurality of symmetrically disposed cooperating wedge-and-follower abutments projecting inwardly from the hub bore and outwardly from said ring respectively, the wedge abutments having circumferentially faced wedge faces and the cooperating abutments being engageable with said faces upon turning of the ring in one direction to center the ring in said bore, and spring means urging the ring in said direction to engage said abutments, the ring abutments being slidable on the hub abutments with turning effect on the ring against the force of said spring means to permit said ring and shaft end to move laterally to relieve excessive lateral strains on said head.

11, Structure according to claim 10 wherein said spring means is constituted by a plurality of springs arranged to act on said ring with substantially balanced effect.

12. A crusher comprising a frame and a concave supported thereby on an upright axis, an upright gyratory shaft and a head carried thereby for cooperation with said concave, a spider supported by the frame and including a central hub having a bore into which the upper end of said shaft extends, a ring supported in said bore and providing a bearing in which said shaft end is universally tiltable, said ring being universally transversely shiftable in said bore, a plurality of symmetrically disposed cooperating wedge-and-follower abutments projecting inwardly from the hub bore and outwardly from said ring respectively, a plurality of cables having end portions wound on said ring and anchored thereto, and spring means secured to the other ends of said cables respectively and tensioning the same whereby to urge the ring in said direction to engage said abutments, the ring abutments being slidable on the hub abutments with turning effect on the ring against the force of said spring means to permit said ring and shaft end to move laterally to relieve excessive lateral strains on said head, said cables and spring means being arranged to act on said nut with substantially balanced effect.

SAMUEL W. TRAYLOR, JR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 359,586 Wilcox et a1. Mar. 15, 1887 708,640 Hilsinger et a1. Sept. 9, 1902 1,068,096 Barthelmess July 22, 1913 1,754,895 Kennedy Apr. 15, 1930 1,837,102 Bernhard Dec. 15, 1931 2,307,175 Wainwright Jan. 5, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 62,822 Sweden June 2, 1925 

